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POL Series

Polarized light microscopy is an optical microscopy technique involving polarized light. Simple techniques include illumination of the sample with polarized light. Directly transmitted or incident light can, optionally, be blocked with a polariser orientated at 90 degrees to the illumination. These illumination techniques are most commonly used on birefringent samples where the polarized light interacts strongly with the sample and so generating contrast with the background. Polarized light microscopy is used extensively in optical mineralogy.
As polarised light passes through a birefringent sample, the phase difference between the fast and slow directions varies with the thickness, and wavelength of light used. The optical path difference (o.p.d.) is defined as

o . p . d . = Δ n x t

where t is the thickness of the sample.
This then leads to a phase difference between the light passing in the two vibration directions of

δ = 2 π ( Δ n x t / λ )

For example, if the optical path difference is λ / 2 , then the phase difference will be π , and so the polarisation will be perpendicular to the original, resulting in all of the light passing through the analyser for crossed polars. If the optical path difference is n x λ, then the phase difference will be 2 n x π , and so the polarisation will be parallel to the original. This means that no light will be able to pass through the analyser which it is now perpendicular to. The Michel-Levy Chart arises when polarised white light is passed through a birefringent sample. If the sample is of uniform thickness, then only one specific wavelength will meet the above condition described above, and be perpendicular to the direction of the analyser. This means that instead of polychromatic light being viewed at the analyser, one specific wavelength will have been removed. This information can be used in a number of ways:
– If the birefringence is known, then the thickness, t, of the sample can be determined
– If the thickness is known, then the birefringence of the sample can be determined
As the order of the optical path difference increases, then it is more likely that more wavelengths of light will be removed from the spectrum. This results in the appearance of the colour being “washed out”, and it becomes more difficult to determine the properties of the sample. This, however, only occurs when the sample is relatively thick when compared to the wavelength of light.

 

Related Documents:

Icon OPTIKA Microscopy Catalogue - Laboratory - Low Res - 10.93 MB 
Icon OPTIKA Microscopy Catalogue - Laboratory - 104,82 MB 
Icon OPTIKA Microscopy Catalogue – Laboratory – POL - 868.68 KB 

 

Benefits

POLARIZED LIGHT

The polarized light microscope is designed to observe specimens that are visible primarily due to their optical anisotropic or birefringent features. Polarized light microscopy is perhaps best known for its applications in the geological sciences, which focusses primarily on the study of minerals in rock thin sections. However, a wide variety of other materials can be examined in polarized light, including both natural and industrial minerals, concrete, ceramics, mineral fibers, polymers, starch, wood, urea. The technique can be used both qualitatively and quantitatively with success, and is an outstanding tool for the materials sciences, geology, chemistry, biology, metallurgy, and even diagnostic (gout analysis).

Models

B-383POL - Polarizing Microscope

B-383POL_model

Model: B-383POL

Upright microscope for brightfield and polarizing light observations with strain-free IOS N-PLAN POL objectives. Complete of polarizer and analyzer filters, Bertrand lens for conoscopic observation, compensator plates and high-precision rotatable stages. It comes with the exclusive X-LED3 illumination system to deliver bright and clear images, along with all the accessories to perform accurate polarization analysis in biology and materials science.

Product details
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B-510POL - Polarizing Microscope

B-510POL_models

Model:  B-510POL

Advanced routine laboratory microscope for transmitted light in brightfield and polarized light observations with strain-free IOS W-PLAN POL objectives. Complete of polarizer and analyzer filters, Bertrand lens for conoscopic observation, compensator plates and high-precision rotatable stages. It comes with the exclusive X-LED3 illumination system to deliver bright and clear images, along with all the accessories to perform accurate polarization analysis in biology and materials science.

Product details
B-510POL-I_models

Model:  B-510POL-I

Advanced routine laboratory microscope for brightfield and polarized light observations in transmitted and incident light with strain-free IOS LWD W-PLAN POL objectives. Complete of polarizer and analyzer filters, Bertrand lens for conoscopic observation, compensator plates and high-precision rotatable stages. It comes with the exclusive X-LED3 illumination system to deliver bright and clear images, along with all the accessories to perform accurate polarization analysis in biology and materials science.

Product details
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B-1000POL - Polarizing Microscope

B-1000POL_models

Model:  B-1000POL

The modular OPTIKA B-1000 is available with transmitted polarized light, helping you working in a comfortable way during extended periods of use and performing reliable, accurate and rapid diagnosis benefiting from modularity, which gives the chance to create customized configurations tailored on customer needs. Versatile, robust, durable and sturdy, B-1000 offers premium quality optics, the state-of-the-art, exclusive X-LED8 (8 W) illumination system, designed by OPTIKA and the Koehler diaphragm. B-1000 gives multiple options as manual or motorized configuration.

Product details
B-1000POL-I_models

Model:  B-1000POL-I

The modular OPTIKA B-1000 is available with transmitted and incident polarized light, helping you working in a comfortable way during extended periods of use and performing reliable, accurate and rapid diagnosis benefiting from modularity, which gives the chance to create customized configurations tailored on customer needs. Versatile, robust, durable and sturdy, B-1000 offers premium quality optics, the state-of-the-art, exclusive X-LED8 (8 W) illumination system, designed by OPTIKA and the Koehler diaphragm. B-1000 gives multiple options as manual or motorized configuration.

Product details

Gallery



Some detailed pictures and/or application examples showing the POLARIZING.

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